https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/sicejl1962/32/10/32_10_789/_pdf

  • “Towards the realization of flexible systems learned from biology

  • Interacts with various disciplines from natural science to social science

  • Capitalism and economics (invisible hand of god) also exhibit self-organization

  • Basic requirements

    • Distribution of the system
    • Homogeneity of individuals
    • Autonomy of individuals
    • Dynamics
    • Formation of order in the system
    • Self-organization
    • Environmental adaptability
  • Autonomy: Self-governance based on self-established norms (not acting arbitrarily)

    • However, these norms include compliance with the whole
    • “Freedom is insight into necessity” - Hegel
  • How to incorporate information about the entire system into individual components is crucial

    • Compress information into basic rules
    • These rules possess and interact with information about the entire system
    • (blu3mo) Don’t forget about interaction, be aware of causality
  • The whole resulting from the cooperation of individuals can be seen as an individual itself

  • Interaction

    • Two interpretations of “interaction field”
      • View oneself and the collection of other individuals as the field
      • or
      • View the elements that constitute the system, excluding individuals, as the field
    • In other words,
    • It depends on whether to create a mechanism for individuals to know the information about the whole or to provide a separate information-sharing field
      • It’s like whether to perceive it oneself or not
      • It’s easier to understand with robots
        • Former: Deciding based on the positions of the robots in one’s field of view
        • Latter: Sharing positional information among all robots
      • In the field of information processing, it is common to have a data field (latter)
    • This is an important issue in autonomous decentralization